=====back=====
Syntax:

<code>
    #include <list>
    TYPE& back();
    const TYPE& back() const;
</code>

The back() function returns a reference to the last element in the list.

For example:

<code>
   list<int> l;
   for( int i = 0; i < 5; i++ ) {
     l.push_back(i);
   }
   cout << "The first element is " << l.front()
        << " and the last element is " << l.back() << endl;
</code>

This code produces the following output:

<code terminal>
   The first element is 0 and the last element is 4
</code>

The back() function runs in [[/complexity|constant time]].

Related Topics: [[front]], [[pop_back]]