======Strings library======

Strings of characters in C++ are commonly represented using the [[/string/basic_string/]] class.  C++ also [[/string/c/|provides functions for manipulating C-style strings]], which are null-terminated arrays of characters.

====String class====

==basic_string==

Header ''<string>'' defines class template [[/string/basic_string/]] that generalizes the way how sequences of characters are manipulated and stored. It is defined as follows:

<code>
template< 
    typename CharT, 
    typename Traits = std::char_traits<CharT>, 
    typename Allocator = std::allocator<CharT> >
> class basic_string;
</code>

Also, several specializations of the class ''basic_string'' are provided:

<code>
typedef basic_string<char>     string;
typedef basic_string<wchar_t>  wstring;
typedef basic_string<char16_t> u16string;    //C++0x feature
typedef basic_string<char32_t> u32string;    //C++0x feature
</code>

==Functions==

|[[getline]]|read data from an I/O stream into a string|

==Numeric conversions==

The header ''<string>'' provides the following functions performing numeric conversion functions:

|[[stoi | stoi, stol, stoll, stoul, stoull]] | converts the given string to an integer ([[/C++0x]] feature) |
|[[stof | stof, stod, stold]] | converts the given string to an floating point value ([[/C++0x]] feature) |
|[[to_string]] | converts the given integral or floating point value to ''string'' ([[/C++0x]] feature) |
|[[to_wstring]] | converts the given integral or floating point value to ''wstring'' ([[/C++0x]] feature) |

==Hash support==

The header ''<string>'' provides the following specializations of class template ''hash'' (see [[/utility/hash]])

| ''hash<string>'' | template specialization, providing hash support for ''string'' string type ([[/C++0x]] feature)|
| ''hash<wstring>'' | template specialization, providing hash support for ''wstring'' string type ([[/C++0x]] feature)|
| ''hash<u16string>'' | template specialization, providing hash support for ''u16string'' string type ([[/C++0x]] feature)|
| ''hash<u32string>'' | template specialization, providing hash support for ''u32string'' string type ([[/C++0x]] feature)|


====char_traits====

Strings library provides [[char_traits]], a template class, defining types and functions for a character container. Several specializations are defined in header ''<string>'':

| ''char_traits<char>'' | template specialization, defining operations with ''char'' character type |
| ''char_traits<wchar_t>'' | template specialization, defining operations with ''wchar_t'' character type |
| ''char_traits<char16_t>'' | template specialization, defining operations with ''char16_t'' character type ([[/C++0x]] feature)|
| ''char_traits<char32_t>'' | template specialization, defining operations with ''char32_t'' character type ([[/C++0x]] feature)|


====C-style strings====

[[character_classes | Character classes]]

[[/string/c/ | Null-terminated strings]]

[[/string/cw/| Null-terminated wide strings]]