C++ Header Files [C++ Reference]

- C++ Header Files

C++ Header Files

This page lists the various header files that are available in standard C++, grouped by topic.

容器(Containers)

<bitset>	Provides the specialized container class std::bitset, 位元陣列(bit array)
<deque>	提供容器的類別模板 std::deque, 雙向佇列(double-ended queue)
<list>	提供容器的類別模板 std::list, 雙向鏈結串列(doubly-linked list)
<map>	提供容器的類別模板 std::map and std::multimap, 關聯陣列(associative array) and multimap.
<queue>	Provides the container adapter class std::queue, 單向佇列(single-ended queue)
<set>	Provides the container class templates std::set and std::multiset, sorted associative containers or sets.
<stack>	Provides the container adapter class std::stack, 堆疊(stack).
<vector>	提供容器的類別模板 std::vector, 動態陣列(dynamic array)

General

<algorithm>	Provides definitions of many container algorithms.
<functional>	Provides several function objects, designed for use with the standard algorithms.
<iterator>	Provides classes and templates for working with iterators.
<locale>	Provides classes and templates for working with locales.
<memory>	Provides facilities for memory management in C++, including the class template std::auto_ptr.
<stdexcept>	Contains standard exception classes such as std::logic_error and std::runtime_error, both derived from std::exception.
<utility>	Provides the template class std::pair, for working with pairs (two-member tuples) of objects.

C++ 串流與輸入/輸出(Streams and Input/Output)

<fstream>	Provides facilities for file-based input and output.
<ios>	Provides several types and functions basic to the operation of iostreams.
<iostream>	Provides C++ input and output fundamentals.
<iosfwd>	Provides forward declarations of several I/O-related class templates.
<iomanip>	Provides facilities to manipulate output formatting, such as the base used when formatting integers and the precision of floating point values.
<istream>	Provides the template class std::istream and other supporting classes for input.
<ostream>	Provides the template class std::ostream and other supporting classes for output.
<sstream>	Provides the template class std::sstream and other supporting classes for string manipulation.
<streambuf>

Numerics

<complex>	Provides class template std::complex and associated functions for working with complex numbers.
<numeric>	Provides algorithms for numerical processing.
<valarray>	Provides the template class std::valarray, an array class optimized for numeric processing.

Language Support

<exception>	Provides several types and functions related to exception handling, including std::exception, the base class of all exceptions thrown by the Standard Library.
<limits>	Provides the template class std::numeric_limits, used for describing properties of fundamental numeric types.
<new>	Provides operators new and delete and other functions and types composing the fundamentals of C++ memory management.
<typeinfo>	Provides facilities for working with C++ run-time type information.

Each header from the C standard library is included in the C++ standard library under a different name, generated by removing the .h, and adding a 'c' at the start, for example time.h becomes ctime. The only difference between these headers and the traditional C standard library headers is that where possible the functions should be placed into the std:: namespace (although few compilers actually do this). In ISO C, functions in standard library are allowed to be implemented by macros, which is not allowed by ISO C++.

<cassert>
<cctype>
<cerrno>
<cfloat>
<climits>
<cmath>
<csetjmp>
<csignal>
<cstdlib>
<cstddef>
<cstdarg>
<cstdio>
<cstring>
<ctime>
<cwchar>
<cwctype>